What drugs can cause acute interstitial nephritis?

What drugs can cause acute interstitial nephritis?

Acute interstitial nephritis is an immune process that is most commonly caused by penicillins, diuretics, allopurinol, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, cimetidine, and sulfonamides. Prompt recognition of the disease and cessation of the responsible drug are usually the only necessary therapy.

What is the most common cause of acute interstitial nephritis?

The acute form of interstitial nephritis is most often caused by side effects of certain drugs. The following can cause interstitial nephritis: Allergic reaction to a drug (acute interstitial allergic nephritis).

Which penicillin causes interstitial nephritis?

A case of non-oliguric acute interstitial nephritis during treatment with ampicillin, benzylpenicillin and cephalothin is reported. There were symptoms of drug hypersensitivity, including fever, exanthema, eosinophilia and elevated serum IgE.

What is the most common cause of kidney interstitial diseases?

What causes interstitial nephritis?

  • Infections.
  • A reaction to a medicine, such as certain antibiotics.
  • Too much of certain medicines.
  • Unbalanced levels of certain nutrients in your blood.
  • Autoimmune disorders, such as Kawasaki disease or Sjogren syndrome.

How is acute interstitial nephritis treated?

Treatment for interstitial nephritis depends on the cause. When AIN is caused by a drug allergy, the only treatment needed may be drug removal. Other cases of AIN can be treated with anti-inflammatory medications. Quick treatment often leads to a full recovery.

What is drug induced acute interstitial nephritis?

Drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis (DI-AIN) is a drug hypersensitivity reaction (DHR) that manifests 7 to 10 days after exposure to the culprit drug. DHRs account for fewer than 15% of reported adverse drug reactions.

How does acute interstitial nephritis present?

Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) classically presents as acute kidney injury (AKI) after the use of known offending drugs and is sometimes associated with the urinary findings of pyuria, hematuria, and white cell casts [1-4]. Less frequently, AIN is secondary to infection or sarcoidosis.

How is interstitial nephritis treated?

Is interstitial nephritis painful?

Typically symptoms and signs, which tend to be more impressive with acute interstitial nephritis, include: Fever. Skin rash. Pain in the flanks.

What infections cause interstitial nephritis?

Infections with viral agents, bacteria, and fungi are occasionally associated with acute interstitial nephritis. Hantavirus, cytomegalovirus (CMV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are common among the infectious agents associated with acute interstitial nephritis.

What is the pathology of drug induced interstitial nephritis?

Drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis: pathology, pathogenesis, and treatment Drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis (DAIN) is a common cause of acute kidney injury and often presents as an unexplained rise in serum creatinine level. Kidney biopsy is therefore frequently required to make a definitive diagnosis.

What are the abbreviations for acute interstitial nephritis?

Antibiotics: ampicillin, cephalosporins, ciprofloxacin, cloxacillin, methicillin, penicillin, rifampicin, sulfonamides, vancomycin. Abbreviations: AIN, acute interstitial nephritis; NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; TBM, tubular basement membrane; TINU, tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome.

Why was antibiotics discontinued for acute interstitial nephritis?

Antibiotics were discontinued for clinical suspicion of DI-AIN. However, because the SCr continued to rise to 5.7 mg/dl on day 13, kidney biopsy was performed. Light microscopy revealed diffuse AIN, acute tubular injury, and 30% interstitial fibrosis. Ceftriaxone was the most likely culprit.

When to start steroids for acute interstitial nephritis?

For example, two studies reported lower rates of kidney function recovery in those with longer time from onset of DI-AIN to starting steroids (5,6). Thus, if corticosteroid therapy is considered, it should be initiated early after the diagnosis is established, preferably in 1–2 weeks.